Recruitment Jobs in Gurgaon

Job Title: HR Manager Overview: Keysight Technologies is at the forefront of technology innovation, providing groundbreaking solutions in electronic design, simulation, prototyping, testing, manufacturing, and optimization. With a workforce of approximately 15,000 employees, we serve industries such as communications, 5G, automotive, energy, quantum, aerospace, defense, and semiconductor markets across over 100 countries. At Keysight, we re driven by a bold vision and a passion for solving complex challenges through industry-first solutions. We foster a culture of diversity, equity, and inclusion, which are integral to our innovation and success. We are seeking an experienced and strategic HR Manager to join our team and help us deliver on our vision. Key Responsibilities: Labor Compliance: Ensure adherence to local labor laws and regulations. Manage employee relations issues, including handling grievances and disciplinary actions. Keep up-to-date with labor legislation and update company policies accordingly. HR Operations: Oversee the day-to-day HR operations ensuring consistency and efficiency across the organization. Implement HR policies and procedures to ensure effective management and adherence. Leverage HR metrics and analytics to improve processes and decision-making. Foster an inclusive and diverse workplace within HR operations. HR Vendors Management: Manage relationships with HR vendors, including recruitment agencies and compliance partners. Negotiate contracts and ensure vendors meet service level agreements. Evaluate vendor performance and address concerns or issues as necessary. Business Support: Partner with business leaders and global HR teams to provide support on country-specific HR initiatives. Promote a positive work environment that enhances employee engagement. Support organizational change initiatives and manage the employee impact effectively. Learning & Development (L&D): Oversee new hire orientation and onboarding programs. Design and deliver training programs on compliance and management practices. Assist teams in leveraging the Keysight Learning Platform for available online training. Qualifications: Bachelor's degree in Human Resources, Business Administration, or a related field. Proven experience in a senior HR role, ideally as an HR Manager. In-depth knowledge of local labor laws and HR best practices. Excellent communication and interpersonal skills to build strong relationships. Strong organizational and time management skills with the ability to handle multiple priorities in a fast-paced environment. Proficiency in HR software and Microsoft Office Suite. A strong commitment to promoting equal opportunity and diversity. Skills: Leadership and team management abilities. Strategic thinking and problem-solving capabilities. Skilled in negotiation and conflict resolution. Analytical skills with a data-driven approach to decision-making. Adaptability and resilience in navigating change and challenges. Cultural competence and inclusivity mindset. Knowledge of emerging HR trends and technological advancements. How to Apply: If you're ready to make an impact in a global organization and be a champion for diversity and inclusion, apply today to join our innovative team at Keysight Technologies! Equal Opportunity Employer Keysight is committed to creating a diverse environment and is proud to be an equal opportunity employer. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, gender, gender identity or expression, sexual orientation, national origin, genetics, disability, age, or veteran status. Qualification : Bachelor's degree in Human Resources, Business Administration, or a related field.

Location: Gurugram Qualification: Bachelor s Degree (Minimum) Experience: 3 Years No. of Positions: 1 Roles & Responsibilities Talent Sourcing & Recruitment: Maintain and develop a pipeline of eligible candidates for future openings. Source, screen, and recruit candidates using various job portals, networking, and referrals. Conduct preliminary telephonic interviews to assess candidate competencies. Schedule, coordinate, and conduct interviews (phone/in-person) efficiently. Stakeholder & Candidate Management: Serve as a point of contact for candidate inquiries and updates. Understand recruitment timelines, revenue impact, market trends, and quality benchmarks. Take ownership and manage hiring for multiple positions simultaneously. Process & Documentation: Ensure compliance with hiring processes and maintain accurate records. Work with Microsoft Office Suite for tracking and reporting recruitment progress. Required Skills & Qualifications Must-Have: Bachelor s degree in a relevant field. Strong communication, organizational, and interpersonal skills. Experience in candidate sourcing, networking, and referral-based hiring. Ability to meet hiring quotas and deadlines. High energy, passion, and self-motivation. Good to Have: Experience in high-volume hiring. Knowledge of ATS (Applicant Tracking Systems). Prior experience in IT or non-IT recruitment. Apply Now and be part of a dynamic team driving talent acquisition! Qualification : Bachelors degree in a relevant field.

Job Description: HR Executive/HR Generalist Responsibilities and Desired Skills: Hands-on experience in conceptualizing and driving HR strategy aligned to Business Strategy. Understanding of Core HR Processes like Performance Management, Career Development, Compensation Revision, Employee Engagement and Retention, Reward & Recognition, and Talent Management and Succession Planning. Awareness of Industry trends and best practices. Demonstrated experience in the implementation of HR processes as a Generalist/Specialist, preferably for a group of at least 200+ employees in a Lead role. Performance management Setting Key Objectives -Smart goals identification, Performance planning, Performance progress, performance review, and Succession Planning. Experience of working with key business leaders and stakeholders. Managing relationships effectively and ensuring stakeholder buy-in for initiatives and processes. High comfort level in working with people from diverse backgrounds. Ability to manage critical conversations with employees, internal, and external teams while maintaining a high level of interpersonal sensitivity and fairness. Ability to facilitate cross-functional or disparate groups towards a single goal. Experience managing Induction, Joining Formalities, Employee Engagement, Grievance Handling, and HR Operations. Skills Required: People Management. Excellent verbal, written, and interpersonal communication skills. Outstanding customer service skills and dedication to providing exceptional employee care. Ability to multitask and successfully operate in a fast-paced, team environment. Extensive experience working in Human Resources, either in an HR Generalist or HRBP role. Experience: Total experience - Minimum 1+ years. BPO Industry experience will be an added advantage. Working Days: 6 Days Working Education: Graduate

We are looking for a US IT Recruitment Professional with good experience to support our Direct Client Requirements. We provide an excellent working environment for both male and female recruiters. Please Note: This is a Night Shift job & the working hours will be 8:30 pm-5:30 am IST. Role And Responsibilities: Work on US IT requirements primarily Required Skills and Capabilities: Minimum 1-4 years of US IT recruitment experience Must have excellent communication skills and an amicable attitude Expert in sourcing resumes from job portals (JobDiva, Dice, Monster, Linked-in, etc.) Expert in using Boolean search strings Good exposure in full cycle of technical recruitment which involves sourcing, screening and interviewing and placing candidates in contract, contract-to-hire, and permanent positions Good recruitment track-record of placing consultants in both W2 and Corp to Corp contracts Good understanding of contract types (W2, 1099, Corp to Corp) Excellent communication skills and ability to work with US Citizens / Green Card holders and EAD's for W2 Contracts Highly self-motivated

Job Title: Partner Development Manager (Microsoft Azure) Location: Gurugram, India Company: Builder.ai About Builder.ai At Builder.ai, we're revolutionizing software development, making it accessible to anyone no matter their technical expertise, budget, or background. Our mission is to simplify the software-building process and we've already helped thousands of entrepreneurs, small businesses, and major global brands such as BBC, Makro, and Pepsi to achieve their software goals. With offices across EMEA, APAC, and the Americas, and over $450 million in funding from investors like QIA and Microsoft, we are driving innovation on a global scale. Builder.ai is growing rapidly, and there s never been a better time to be part of our journey. Our team is diverse, collaborative, and talented, united by a shared belief in unlocking human potential through software. We encourage experimentation and provide endless opportunities for learning, growth, and progress. Life at Builder.ai At Builder.ai, you re not just filling a role. We believe every position offers unlimited opportunities to challenge the status status quo and drive positive change. Whether you are experimenting with new ideas or taking a leadership role, you'll be empowered to make an impact. We offer a culture of collaboration where your differences are celebrated. You ll join a global team that s passionate about improving how software is built. Perks include: Private healthcare Discretionary pay or commission schemes Stock options in a $450 million funded company Generous paid leave and trips abroad #WhatWillYouBuild and we can t wait to find out! About the Role We are seeking a Partner Development Manager to take charge of our strategic alliance with Microsoft, with a specific focus on Microsoft Azure. This pivotal role will be based in Gurugram, and will allow you to have a significant impact on our marketplace and ecosystem business. As our Microsoft Partner Manager, you ll be responsible for: Managing & Cultivating Relationships: Oversee and nurture our strategic relationship with Microsoft, with a focus on expanding Builder.ai s presence within the Azure ecosystem. Growth Strategy: Develop and execute strategies to drive revenue growth by aligning with Microsoft s go-to-market initiatives. Ecosystem Development: Foster a thriving network of partners that complement Builder.ai s offerings on Azure. Revenue Impact: Work on collaborative initiatives aimed at revenue growth and scaling Builder.ai s Azure Marketplace presence. This role is perfect for someone with a strong background in cloud or SaaS partnerships and who thrives in a high-impact, market-making environment. What You ll Do Build Strategic Partnerships: Lead our relationship with Microsoft Azure to ensure Builder.ai s continued growth and success in this critical ecosystem. Go-to-Market Initiatives: Drive initiatives alongside Microsoft to build and grow revenue through the Azure Marketplace. Influence & Revenue Growth: Work closely with Microsoft to influence their ecosystem and grow Builder.ai s presence within their offerings, creating new market opportunities and driving increased profitability. Lead Cross-functional Collaborations: Collaborate with sales, marketing, engineering, and product teams to align with Microsoft s business goals. Market Leadership: Be the face of Builder.ai at events, partner conferences, and with key stakeholders to establish us as a market leader within the Azure ecosystem. Experience: 10+ years in cloud, SaaS, or Application Development partnerships, specifically with a focus on Microsoft Azure or similar cloud services. Self-Starter: Ability to work independently and have an insurgent mindset someone who thrives in creating new routes to market and drives the business forward. Market-Making Mentality: Capable of changing the balance sheet of a partner and leading them to higher growth and profitability. Collaborative: Able to work across teams, including sales, marketing, and technical teams, to execute strategies and align with partner goals. Adaptable: Willing to work in various capacities whether standing at a booth, cold-calling prospects, or developing strategic partnerships. Bonus: Knowledge of custom application development is beneficial but not required. Benefits Compensation: Discretionary variable pay or commission schemes. Equity: Stock options in a $450 million Series D funded company. Work-life Balance: Hybrid working, 24 days annual leave + public holidays, and time off between Christmas and New Year. Family Perks: 2 Builder family days each year and generous referral bonus scheme. Health: Fully funded Private Medical Insurance. Meals: Free lunch at our state-of-the-art working environment in Gurugram. Joining Builder.ai means being part of a high-growth company where your efforts have a direct impact on shaping the future of software development. With strong support from Microsoft and a focus on cloud-based innovation, this is an exciting opportunity to build partnerships that will revolutionize the way businesses develop software globally.

Business Marketing Manager, India Location: Gurgaon, India Full Time Company: Meta Meta is seeking an experienced Business Marketing Manager to design and implement effective marketing strategies targeting business audiences across India. In this role, you will be responsible for promoting Meta's advertising solutions, developing impactful marketing programs, and crafting thoughtful narratives to enhance partner value and drive product adoption. Your role will require you to balance both strategy and execution, designing comprehensive marketing plans deployed across various channels such as digital platforms, events, sales enablement, trade partnerships, and more. By taking a cross-audience approach, you will ensure that our marketing efforts reach and engage the right customers. Working closely with cross-functional teams including Sales, Product Marketing, Marketing Science, Communications, and Policy, you will influence teams and drive creativity while also executing marketing initiatives at scale. Responsibilities: Develop and execute strategic marketing plans aligned with organizational goals. Drive cross-audience strategy and execution across India. Collaborate with internal teams and regional marketing groups to create programs for business audiences. Promote the adoption of Meta apps and services through audience-led partner education. Evaluate and optimize marketing programs to achieve measurable business outcomes such as increased revenue and product adoption. Minimum Qualifications: Proven experience in effective communication and strategic collaboration with cross-functional teams. Deep understanding of the advertising and marketing industries in India. Experience in developing and executing multi-channel marketing programs that create measurable business impact. Track record of working on agile and high-priority projects. 8+ years of experience in a B2B and/or B2C marketing role. BA/BS degree or equivalent. About Meta: Meta is a leading company that builds technologies to connect people, foster communities, and grow businesses. Since the launch of Facebook in 2004, Meta has revolutionized social connectivity. With apps like Messenger, Instagram, and WhatsApp, Meta has empowered billions worldwide. Now, Meta is pushing the boundaries of digital experiences by exploring augmented reality and virtual reality to shape the next evolution in social technology. As a Meta team member, you'll be part of building the future, taking social connection beyond screens, distance, and even the limits of physics. Join us to help shape a world where digital connection opens up new possibilities! Equal Employment Opportunity: Meta is proud to be an Equal Employment Opportunity employer. We do not discriminate based on race, religion, color, national origin, sex (including pregnancy, childbirth, reproductive health decisions, or related medical conditions), sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, age, status as a protected veteran, status as an individual with a disability, genetic information, political views or activity, or other legally protected characteristics. Qualification : BA/BS degree or equivalent.

Director, Data Protection Officer Location: Gurgaon, India Full Time Company: Meta Meta is looking for a Director to join its Product Compliance and Product organization as India s local Data Protection Officer (DPO), reporting to the Global Data Protection Officer. We are seeking someone who thrives in a fast-paced, dynamic environment, has a strong ability to navigate complex cross-functional initiatives, and is excited to provide strategic guidance to ensure compliance with India s new privacy regulations. The Global Data Protection Officer is responsible for monitoring internal compliance with global data protection laws. In this role, you will represent the Global DPO office in India and work closely with local cross-functional teams to fulfill the responsibilities of the Global DPO. You will also engage with India s Data Protection Board and the Ministry of Electronics and IT (MeitY) to help Meta align with the regulator s expectations. To be successful in this role, you should have extensive knowledge of India s Digital Personal Data Protection Law, data protection laws, regulations, and best practices, with a proven track record in ensuring compliance. You will also manage regional DPOs overseeing regions such as AMET (Africa, Middle East, Turkey), Latin America, Canada, and Asia Pacific. This is a leadership role that requires strong cross-functional collaboration, excellent project management skills, and the ability to work effectively in an ever-evolving regulatory environment. Responsibilities: Manage the relationship with India s Data Protection Board and the Ministry of Electronics and IT (MeitY), while overseeing relationships with other Data Protection Authorities in the AMET, Latin America, Canada, and APAC regions. Lead partnerships with key stakeholders to establish processes for how the Global DPO will carry out its responsibilities. This includes advising on key decisions, assessing privacy compliance programs, supporting escalations, and responding to user and regulator inquiries. Provide strategic leadership on how Meta complies with data protection laws (including India s DPDP) across regions. Oversee the execution of privacy law mandates, such as reviewing Data Protection Impact Assessments (DPIAs), addressing Data Subject Rights (DSR) escalations, and advising on privacy compliance. Drive accountability and performance through key metrics to measure success and ensure critical projects remain on track. Anticipate bottlenecks, provide escalation management, and ensure user privacy is always prioritized. Minimum Qualifications: 12+ years of experience in compliance, program/project management, operations, or strategy. Experience engaging with regulators and managing complex relationships with external stakeholders. Experience working in a product environment and collaborating with cross-functional stakeholders, including legal, policy, and product teams. Proven experience advising on compliance with data protection laws and privacy requirements. Experience building and iterating on complex processes requiring both process and change management. Exceptional communication skills with a track record of aligning cross-functional teams around shared goals. Strong project management, problem-solving, time management, and organizational skills. Ability to thrive in ambiguity and an evolving regulatory environment while building new processes and driving standardization. Preferred Qualifications: In-depth knowledge of data protection and privacy requirements, especially those applicable to global tech companies. Experience implementing mandated requirements of the DPO or acting as a DPO. About Meta: Meta builds technologies that help people connect, find communities, and grow businesses. Since Facebook s launch in 2004, Meta has changed how people connect. Apps like Messenger, Instagram, and WhatsApp have empowered billions of users worldwide. Meta is now expanding beyond 2D screens into immersive experiences such as augmented reality and virtual reality, helping build the next evolution in social technology. By joining Meta, you ll be part of shaping the future of digital connection beyond the constraints of screens, distance, and even physics! Equal Employment Opportunity: Meta is an Equal Employment Opportunity employer. We do not discriminate based on race, religion, color, national origin, sex (including pregnancy, childbirth, reproductive health decisions, or related medical conditions), sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, age, status as a protected veteran, status as an individual with a disability, genetic information, political views or activity, or other legally protected characteristics.

Client Partner, Automotive & D2C Location: Gurgaon, India Full Time Company: Meta Meta is seeking a Client Partner to evangelize and monetize Meta s advertising and WhatsApp messaging solutions to large advertisers across its Automotive and Direct-to-Consumer (D2C) verticals. This individual contributor position reports to the Industry Manager, Automotive-D2C, and will work closely with multiple Client Solutions Managers across the verticals to drive solutions adoption and monetization for Meta. The ideal candidate will have a mix of media sales and media planning experience, preferably in the digital media space. Experience in offline media or marketing tech companies will be a plus. Industry understanding, analytical skills, stakeholder management, experience in influencing decision-makers, and a can-do spirit that drives a self-starter are essential. This is an exciting opportunity to be part of a growing team, critical to Meta s India success. Client Partner, Automotive & D2C Responsibilities: Lead relationships with key stakeholders, CXOs, and Agency teams across key Meta customers in Automotive and D2C, driving adoption of Meta advertising products and solutions. Analyze industry trends, shape the long-term client charter, and articulate the role of Meta s products in clients marketing and business objectives. Prospect and build partnerships with agencies and organizations by developing relationships with key decision-makers. Create and deliver compelling Meta propositions using client industry knowledge, market trends, and case studies to communicate value and inspire action. Understand and drive adoption of key marketing research and measurement tools to help clients assess the impact of Meta s products and solutions. Analyze campaign performance statistics and recommend optimized media solutions for new and existing clients. Ensure that clients receive the highest level of sales and operational customer service and be the voice of the vertical in the organization. Exceed goals on product adoption, new customer acquisition, and customer satisfaction. Minimum Qualifications: 10+ years of experience in Media/B2B Sales and Marketing/Brand Management. Proven track record of exceeding revenue goals and business objectives. Strong analytical skills to break down marketing problems and provide impactful solutions and measurements. Experience managing time effectively, reaching decision-makers, and assessing opportunity potential. Interest in technology, digital media, and online trends, with the ability to explain complex concepts in simple terms. Demonstrated success in a highly dynamic and rapidly changing environment. Preferred Qualifications: Experience in offline media or marketing tech companies is a plus. MBA with knowledge of Digital Marketing. About Meta: Meta builds technologies that help people connect, find communities, and grow businesses. When Facebook launched in 2004, it transformed how people connect. Apps like Messenger, Instagram, and WhatsApp further empowered billions around the world. Meta is now moving beyond 2D screens toward immersive experiences like augmented reality and virtual reality, shaping the future of social technology. People who choose to build their careers by building with Meta help shape a future that goes beyond what digital connection makes possible today transcending the constraints of screens, distance, and even the rules of physics. Equal Employment Opportunity: Meta is proud to be an Equal Employment Opportunity employer. We do not discriminate based on race, religion, color, national origin, sex (including pregnancy, childbirth, reproductive health decisions, or related medical conditions), sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, age, status as a protected veteran, status as an individual with a disability, genetic information, political views or activity, or other legally protected characteristics. Qualification : MBA with knowledge of Digital Marketing.

Key Responsibilities: Responsible for design, development, testing, troubleshooting, measurement, optimization, and improvement of software, new products, and code libraries across platforms. Partners with cross-functional experts (Product Management, Sales, Design, etc) to determine customer-focused solutions. Leverage best practices, articulate ideas, & markets them across team and organization. Promotes a culture of continuous learning. Leads application/framework/service design efforts, optimizing for quality, testing, and scale. Communicates clearly with team and management to define & achieve goals. What you will need to succeed: B.S. in Computer Science or equivalent engineering degree 7+ years of experience designing and developing web or software application Proven expertise in designing, developing scalable, maintainable, performant, and resilient application. Proven expertise in Java, OOP Principals, clean Design, and Design patterns OR Expert understanding of JQuery, AngularJS, ReactJS, AmberJS and NodeJS Experience in designing and implementing micro-services and RESTful services Expertise with RDBMS (PostgreSQL, MySQL) and NoSQL Database ES, Cassandra, MongoDB. Working Experience with Spring Framework, Kafka, Hibernate, Maven, Ant, Restful Webservices Experience working in Scala or Python is plus Expertise in build management systems and Continuous Integration and Deployment methodologies (Jenkin, Spinnaker, Kubernetes etc) Working knowledge of AWS infrastructure EC2, Auto Scaling, RDS, ELB, S3, Kinesis Qualification : B.S. in Computer Science or equivalent engineering degree.

The Role: Associate I Software Engineer - Java The Team: The OSTTRA Technology team is composed of Capital Markets Technology professionals, who build, support and protect the applications that operate our network. The technology landscape includes high-performance, high-volume applications as well as compute intensive applications, leveraging contemporary microservices, cloud-based architectures. The Impact: Together, we build, support, protect and manage high-performance, resilient platforms that process more than 100 million messages a day. Our services are vital to automated trade processing around the globe, managing peak volumes and working with our customers and regulators to ensure the efficient settlement of trades and effective operation of global capital markets. What s in it for you: We are looking for highly motivated technology professionals who will strengthen our specialisms, and champion our uniqueness to create a company that is collaborative, respectful, and inclusive to all. You will have 2-4 years experience of Java development to meet the needs of our expanding portfolio of Financial Services clients. This is an excellent opportunity to be part of a team based out of Gurgaon and to work with colleagues across multiple regions globally. Responsibilities: The candidate will be expected to take ownership of development tasks assigned to them and will produce high quality software to deliver on these tasks. The candidate is expected to be well versed in principles of and best practices in software development and should be able to apply them within the boundaries and constraints of the project they work in. The candidate will have a strong focus on software quality, productivity, and delivery. The candidate should be able to design or assist in designing components and subsystems based on the requirements and specifications provided by the Business Analysts. They should be able to decompose their development tasks based on their designs and provide development estimates. They will be expected to communicate and collaborate with Business Analysts to clarify requirements. Their collaboration with Quality Assurance will ensure bugs being resolved effectively and efficiently. What We re Looking For: Java 8. Solid software design skills. Springboot. Microservices. Able to decompose their development tasks based on their designs and provide development estimates. Understanding of multi-threading. Understand and write performant, testable and maintainable code. Experience of Test-Driven Development. The Location: Gurgaon, India About Company Statement: OSTTRA is a market leader in derivatives post-trade processing, bringing innovation, expertise, processes and networks together to solve the post-trade challenges of global financial markets. OSTTRA operates cross-asset post-trade processing networks, providing a proven suite of Credit Risk, Trade Workflow and Optimisation services. Together these solutions streamline post-trade workflows, enabling firms to connect to counterparties and utilities, manage credit risk, reduce operational risk and optimise processing to drive post-trade efficiencies. OSTTRA was formed in 2021 through the combination of four businesses that have been at the heart of post trade evolution and innovation for the last 20+ years: MarkitServ, Traiana, TriOptima and Reset. These businesses have an exemplary track record of developing and supporting critical market infrastructure and bring together an established community of market participants comprising all trading relationships and paradigms, connected using powerful integration and transformation capabilities. About OSTTRA Candidates should note that OSTTRA is an independent firm, jointly owned by S&P Global and CME Group. As part of the joint venture, S&P Global provides recruitment services to OSTTRA - however, successful candidates will be interviewed and directly employed by OSTTRA, joining our global team of more than 1,200 post trade experts. OSTTRA was formed in 2021 through the combination of four businesses that have been at the heart of post trade evolution and innovation for the last 20+ years: MarkitServ, Traiana, TriOptima and Reset. OSTTRA is a joint venture, owned 50/50 by S&P Global and CME Group. With an outstanding track record of developing and supporting critical market infrastructure, our combined network connects thousands of market participants to streamline end to end workflows - from trade capture at the point of execution, through portfolio optimization, to clearing and settlement. Joining the OSTTRA team is a unique opportunity to help build a bold new business with an outstanding heritage in financial technology, playing a central role in supporting global financial markets. Learn more at www.osttra.com. What s In It For You? Benefits: We take care of you, so you can take care of business. We care about our people. That s why we provide everything you and your career need to thrive at S&P Global. Our benefits include: Health & Wellness: Health care coverage designed for the mind and body. Flexible Downtime: Generous time off helps keep you energized for your time on. Continuous Learning: Access a wealth of resources to grow your career and learn valuable new skills. Invest in Your Future: Secure your financial future through competitive pay, retirement planning, a continuing education program with a company-matched student loan contribution, and financial wellness programs. Family Friendly Perks: It s not just about you. S&P Global has perks for your partners and little ones, too, with some best-in class benefits for families. Beyond the Basics: From retail discounts to referral incentive awards small perks can make a big difference.